Heat generation from liquid fuel



Dec. 8,1925 E. A. LESLIE HEAT GENERATION FROM LIQUID FUEL Filed Nov. 19, 1923 INVENTOR fan 4H0 A 1554/5 ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 8, i925.

arren STATES lactate PATENT oEr c-egg;

' EDWARD a. LESLIE, or n'ntioxrrrlv, NEW. ong. 7

HEAT GENERATION FROM LIQUID FUEL.

Application filed Novembe 19, 923.

Y generating heat and to'utilize it more cf- 'fectively than heretofore with attendant advantages stated below .and forming particular objects ofthe invention. By its employment, heat may be generated by use of a minimum of oxygen in the burner, so that the burning out of the constructive mate rials is minimized; some of this oxygen is derived from the waste gaseous products of combustion and the remainder from the atmosphere, and means are provided to vary the relative proportions of the two so that at all times the proper proportions of waste gas and of air may be utilized to obtain an The invenetiicient combustion of the fuel. tlOlTlS shown applied to a water tube boiler. In the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof and illustrating the principle of the invention in the best mode now known tome of applying that principle.

Fig. 1 is a top plan View of a water'tube boiler setting and'of parts embodying this invention; and Fig. 2'is a vertical section in the direction of the length of the tubes,

at line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Y 4 n the drawings, 1 indicates the boiler setting; 2 boiler tubes; 3 a combustion chamber in the lower front corner portion of the settiu 4 the usual bridge wall whichpar- 'tially separates the combustion chamber "from a rearward space 5 under the rearward portion of the boiler tubes; 6 the usual top or arch wall of the combustion chamber;

and 7 the usual upstanding, rearward extension of the wall 6 through which the tubes 2 pass upwardly and forwardly. Spaced above the upper end of wall 7 and also above the tubes is the usual drum 8. The usual space between the top of wall 7 and the drum for travel of gaseous products of combustion fromthe space 5 forwardly and upwardly is indicated at 9. The usual space into which the upper forward ends: of the. tubes andthe front portion of the drum ex-' .tend,fbeing theiupper front portion ofthe Serial No. 675,770.

of the wall 7 is indicated as a space 10 from the upper wall of which a' fiue 11 extends upwardly. The gaseous products of combustion travel from the combustion cham-v ber 3 through a communication chamber settingabove the arch wall and forwardly which receives these products as they pass over the bridge wall, whence they enter the portion 5 of th1s communication chamber.

pass upwardly in a further portion thereof between the wall? and the back wall of the setting, and then forwardly again t'oward the portion 10 of thiscommunication chamber, and finally pass upwardly into'and through the stack or fine 11.

through the combustion and cominunica This course tion chambers and the flue is indicated by arrows on the drawing.

' In accordance with this invention, a gases ous mixture is taken into a primary heater 12 located in the lower 'portionof the flue 11 through anair intake pipe 13, the upper outer end :of which is open'tothe atmosphere. Atmospheric air is sucked through an air controlvalve 18 'into the-pipe 13 "by;

a suctionblower loperated'by amotor M. A bleeder pipe 15 provided with a control valve 16 leads to the pipe 18 from a downwardly projecting hood 17 located within the flue, the bleeder pipe being'connected with the pipe 13 between the air admissionva lve 13 and the blower.- Gaseous mixture passing through the blower is forced by the blower through the latters dischargepipe 18 into the primaryjheater Thisprimary heater is provided with a discharge pipe '19 which is shown outside of the upper wall of the setting and communicates with a downwardly extending pipe 20 which is shown outside of a side wall 1 of the setting and which communicates with H a secondary heater 21 in the upper, rearward portion of the combustion chamber adjacent the space above the bridge wall 4 and in the path of the hot gaseous products of combustion, travelling rearwardly over and past I V the bridge wall. The location of the pipes 19 and20 is one of structural convenience. Altho shown outside the settlng, they may be inside of it, if structural conditions warrant. 7

The secondary heater 2 1 discharges into the top... of a carburetor casing 23 located outside the setting.- A fueloil supply pipe 24 also discharges into the upper ortion of the carburetorcasing above and over an upper, horizontal baflie plate 25 within the casing. The gaseous mixture from the pipe 22 initially mixes with oil vapor in the space above the upperbaffle plate and travels in a downward direction over the free edge 26 of the upper battle plate'to a lower bafiie plate 27; thence over its free edge to the bottom wall 28 of the casing. The bottom space in the carburetor casing is in communication with a burner pipe 29 which leads into the combustion chamber through an opening in a plug 31 of refractory material inserted in an opening 30 in the wall of the setting. The plug is formed with an observation and ignition port 32, In the form shown, the carburetor is constructed to prevent admission of atmospheric air into it and the combustion chamber is constructed to prevent admission of atmospheric air into it except through the observation and ignition port 32, the fire-box end of which is adjacent the end of the burner pipe. Various changes may be made in the construction without departure from this invention. a

I In operatiom'the hood 17 catches some of the gaseous products of combustion ascending the flue and directs their flow under the "influence of the suction blower through the bleeder pipe 15 when its valve 16 is more or less iopen. Thus such gaseous products of combustion are broughtinto the descending currentof air andbur nt products of com- "bustion ina gaseous condition, such as carbon dioxide,- etc., are introduced into the current of air passing the air admission valve 13. The mixture flows to the primary heater wherein the temperature of the mixture is brought usually to from 300 F. to 600"v F depending, of course, on the temperature ofthe waste gases flowing through the'stac'k or flue, and the regulated opening of valve 16. The mixture then passes from the primary heater through the pipe '19 into the pipe 20 the lower end of fwhich'is about level with the secondary :heater 21, and passes through the side wall of the setting into communication with that -heater,'wherein the temperature of themixture is further increased from about-600 F. to 1100 F, owing to the exposure of the secondary heater where the gaseous products of com- .bustion pass the bridge wall into the space 5 and upwardly into contact with the tubes and up to the stack. The mixtureat this high temperature is introduced into'the carburetor. y v V The particular objects of the invention are: a

First, to utilize waste heat in the stack for preheating the ,a'irjinitial'ly introduced fai 'w'i hgwaste gases from the stack hereby il'fiiluce gtlie a flame ;:t' -i.inperature seen e t "HEEL-b41110 ,nt i jso that it will not 'destroy'brick work or linings of the combustion chamber or adjacent parts. Third, to make the combustible mixture rich or lean in oxygen required for the support of combustion by providing a control valve for the bleeder pipe and an air admission control valve for the approximate exclusion of atmospheric air adjacent the flame; and fourth, to produce a construction in wh1ch the flame is produced at the end of an ordinary, open ended pipe, as shown, without necessity of using any special burner.

The foregoing heat generating invention may be embodied in various structures for various kinds of heating, the invention not being limited to steam generation, although particularly valuable for that'purpose.

That I claim is: V V

1. In a fluid fuel furnace, ama-in casing comprising a combustion chamber substantially sealed against the admission of atmospheric air when in use, and a communication chamber for the travel of gaseous prodnets of combustion from the combustion chamber; a stack to receive said gaseous products; an air supply pipe havinglan air "admission control valve and a suction blower, aconduit to lead a portion of the outflowing hot gaseous products o f combustion from said stack into said air supply pipe between said valve and said blower for mixture with the intaken air, a primary heater located in the stack 'to be heated by the escaping hot products of combustion, a pipe to convey the hot mixture from the said blower to said primary heater; asecondary heater in the path of .the hot products of combustion and adapted to further increase the temperature of said mixture; a pipe communicating with said primary and said secondary heaters; a carburetor sealed against the atmosphere and having a fuel oil inlet and a mixing chamber; a pipe comm'unica't-.

ing with said secondary heater and said 1 carburetor; and a burner pipe leading from said carburetor and adapted for flame production within-said combustion chamber.

2'. In the structure and combination set forth in claim 'l, a bridge wall constituting the rear and an arch wall constituting the top of said combustion chamber, an. upstanding wall with its top spaced fromthe upper wall ofthe casingand connected to said arch wall, said walls defining the said communication chamber for the travel of the gaseous products of combustion; said stack being located at the upper front end of said communication chamber; and a steam generating apparatus located-in said communication; chamber and exposed *to said --ho't gaseous -p'roductsj. of combustion. M

13.111 :a fuel :oil burning {ap aratus [for heatin water, the combination-of :a boiler qs'etting substantially iisealed ag st alreadchamber in said setting, a stack mounted on said settmg, a communication chamber conducting the hot products of combustion from said combustion chamber to said stack z water-heating apparatus within said boilm' setting and exposed to said hot products of combustion; an air intake, a primary heater located in the path of the escaping hot products of combustioma secondary heater lo cated Within the combustion chamber, conduits forming communication from said air intake through said primary heater to said secondary heater, and located partially exterior to said boiler setting; an exterior carburetor, a fuel intake pipe for said carburetor, a pipe connecting said secondary' heater and said carburetor, and a burner pipe leading the combustible mixture from said carburetor to said combustion chamber.

4:. In a fuel oil burning apparatus, a boiler setting, a stack mounted thereon, an air intake, a suctionblower receiving air fromrsaid intake, a bleeder pipe to receive waste gaseous products of combustion from said'stack and deliver them to said suction blower, a primary heater .to receive the gase-' ous mixture from said blower, an exterior carburetor, a fuel oil intake for said carburetor, and a pipe connecting said primary heater and said carburetor and located partially in the path of the hot products of combustion and'partially exterior to said boiler setting.

5. In the combination set forth in claim 4:, an air control valve to controlthe admission of air to said blower.

V 6. In the combination set forthin claim 4,

means to vary the relative proportions of atmospheric air and of waste products of combustion admitted to said blower.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 7 th day of November A. D. 1923.

EDWARD A. LESLIE. 

